$needsEscaping = ( ( $options & self::ESCAPE_FORCE ) !== 0 || 'cli' === self::$sapiName ) ||
			( ( $options & self::ESCAPE_QUOTE ) !== 0 && ! is_int( $value ) && ! is_float( $value ) );

		if ( $needsEscaping ) {
			$value = esc_sql( $value );
			$value = "'$value'";
		}

		return $value;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current escape options.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @return integer The current escape options.
	 */
	public function getEscapeOptions() {
		return $this->escapeOptions;
	}


	/**
	 * Set the current escape options.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param integer $options
	 */
	public function setEscapeOptions( $options ) {
		$this->escapeOptions = $options;
	}

	/**
	 * Backtick-escapes an array of column and/or table names.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param array  $cols An array of column names to be escaped.
	 * @return array       An array of escaped column names.
	 */
	private function escapeColNames( $cols ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $cols ) ) {
			$cols = [ $cols ];
		}

		foreach ( $cols as &$col ) {
			if ( false === stripos( $col, '(' ) && false === stripos( $col, ' ' ) && false === stripos( $col, '*' ) ) {
				if ( stripos( $col, '.' ) ) {
					list( $table, $c ) = explode( '.', $col );
					$col = "`$table`.`$c`";
					continue;
				}

				$col = "`$col`";
			}
		}

		return $cols;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets a variable list of function arguments and reformats them as needed for many of the functions of this class.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param  mixed $values This could be anything, but if used properly its usually a string or an array.
	 * @return array         If the preparation is correct it will return an array of arguments.
	 */
	private function prepArgs( $values ) {
		$values = (array) $values;
		if ( ! is_array( $values[0] ) && count( $values ) === 2 ) {
			$values = [ $values[0] => $values[1] ];
		} elseif ( is_array( $values[0] ) && count( $values ) === 1 ) {
			$values = $values[0];
		}

		return $values;
	}

	/**
	 * Resets all the variables that make up the query.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param array     $what Set which items you want to reset, all are selected by default.
	 * @return Database       Returns the Database object.
	 */
	public function reset(
		$what = [
			'table',
			'statement',
			'limit',
			'group',
			'order',
			'select',
			'set',
			'onDuplicate',
			'ignore',
			'where',
			'union',
			'distinct',
			'orderDirection',
			'query',
			'output',
			'stripTags',
			'models',
			'join'
		]
	) {
		// If we are not running a select query, let's bust the cache for this table.
		$selectStatements = [ 'SELECT', 'SELECT DISTINCT' ];
		if (
			! empty( $this->statement ) &&
			! in_array( $this->statement, $selectStatements, true )
		) {
			$this->bustCache( $this->getCacheTableName() );
		}

		foreach ( (array) $what as $var ) {
			switch ( $var ) {
				case 'group':
				case 'order':
				case 'select':
				case 'set':
				case 'onDuplicate':
				case 'where':
				case 'union':
				case 'join':
					$this->$var = [];
					break;
				case 'orderDirection':
					$this->$var = 'ASC';
					break;
				case 'ignore':
				case 'stripTags':
					$this->$var = false;
					break;
				case 'output':
					$this->$var = 'OBJECT';
					break;
				default:
					if ( isset( $this->$var ) ) {
						$this->$var = null;
					}
					break;
			}
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current value of one or more query properties. If only one property is specified, returns the value;
	 * if an array of values is specified, then returns an array of values.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string|array  $what You can pass in an array of options to retrieve. By default it selects all if them.
	 * @return string|array       Returns the value of whichever variables are passed in.
	 */
	public function getQueryProperty(
		$what = [
			'table',
			'statement',
			'limit',
			'group',
			'order',
			'select',
			'set',
			'onDuplicate',
			'where',
			'union',
			'distinct',
			'orderDirection',
			'query',
			'output',
			'result'
		]
	) {
		if ( is_array( $what ) ) {
			$return = [];
			foreach ( (array) $what as $which ) {
				$return[ $which ] = $this->$which;
			}

			return $return;
		} else {
			return $this->$what;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get a table name for the cache key.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param  string $cacheTableName The table name to check against.
	 * @return string                 The cache key table name.
	 */
	private function getCacheTableName( $cacheTableName = null ) {
		$cacheTableName = empty( $cacheTableName ) ? $this->table : $cacheTableName;

		foreach ( $this->customTables as $tableName ) {
			if ( false !== stripos( $cacheTableName, $this->prefix . $tableName ) ) {
				$cacheTableName = $tableName;
				break;
			}
		}

		return $cacheTableName;
	}

	/**
	 * Busts the cache for the given table name.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @param  string|null $tableName The table name.
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function bustCache( $tableName = null ) {
		if ( ! $tableName ) {
			// Bust all the cache.
			$this->cache = [];

			return;
		}

		unset( $this->cache[ $tableName ] );
	}

	/**
	 * In order to not have a conflict, we need to return a clone.
	 *
	 * @since 1.0.0
	 *
	 * @return Database The cloned Database object.
	 */
	public function noConflict() {
		return clone $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Acquires a database lock with the given name.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.5
	 *
	 * @param  string  $lockName The name of the lock to acquire.
	 * @param  integer $timeout  The timeout in seconds. Default is 0 which means it will return immediately if the lock cannot be acquired.
	 * @return boolean           Whether the lock was acquired.
	 */
	public function acquireLock( $lockName, $timeout = 0 ) {
		$lockResult = $this->db->get_var( $this->db->prepare( 'SELECT GET_LOCK(%s, %d)', $lockName, $timeout ) );
		$acquired   = '1' === $lockResult;

		if ( $acquired ) {
			// Register a shutdown function to always release the lock even if a fatal error occurs.
			register_shutdown_function( function () use ( $lockName ) {
				$this->releaseLock( $lockName );
			} );
		}

		return $acquired;
	}

	/**
	 * Releases a database lock with the given name.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.5
	 *
	 * @param  string  $lockName The name of the lock to release.
	 * @return boolean           Whether the lock was released.
	 */
	public function releaseLock( $lockName ) {
		$releaseResult = $this->db->query( $this->db->prepare( 'SELECT RELEASE_LOCK(%s)', $lockName ) );

		return false !== $releaseResult;
	}
}